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E. L. RANDALL.

OIL VAPOR BURNER. APPLICATION FILED FEB-17,1915.

l 1 95, 1 59. Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

WTEE TATE PATENT EDGAR LANGLEY RANDALL, OF SOUTH HAMPSTEAD, LONDON,ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF THREE-FOURTHS TO OLIVER PRESCOTT MAOFARLANE, OFLONDON, ENGLAND.

OIL-VAPOR. BURNER.

Application filed February 17, 1915.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDGAR LANGLEY RAN- DALL,a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at 11 Lithos road,South Hampstead, N. in the county of London, England, have inventedcertain new and useful improvements in or Relating to Oil-Vapor Burners,of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to oil-vapor burners (especially such asused for incandescent lighting with inverted mantles) for use withkerosene or paraffin or other suitable liquid fuel.

The main object of the invention is to provide a combination of partswhich shall improve the means of vaporization and simplify themechanical construction of the burner, besides facilitating the keepingclean of the vapor tubes.

The invention is also designed to secure a quick action in starting orlighting up, as well as to reduce the quantity of spirit re quired forthe preliminary heating.

A feature of the invention consists in making the parts in which theliquid fuel is converted into vapor, of straight tubes which can thus befreed easily from any carbon or cinder which may form therein, bypushing a wire or rod along them.

Another feature of the invention consists in making thestraightvaporizer with a substantially vertical straight portion or tube,forming an auxiliary vaporizer or superheater. This vertical tubedepends from the inner end of the horizontal or main vaporizer andreaches the flame of the burner, but does not necessarily pass throughthe wick pan by which the usual preliminary heating or starting iseffected.

The nipple through which the vapor is discharged, is arranged to directthe same upward into a bent-over mixing tube. The said nipple issituated at the junction of the aforesaid vertical tube and thehorizontal tube, and is arranged at right angles to the latter. Henceany particles carried along the horizontal tube are'not projecteddirectly into the orifice of the nipple, but strike against the sidewall thereof, and then drop into the vertical tube or auxiliaryvaporizer.

The horizontal main portion or vaporizer tube extends across theunderside of a defiector plate, a little to one side of a centralSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

Serial No. 8,823.

aperture therein, while the air-and-vapor mixing tube passes downwardthrough this aperture to the head of the burner.

The burner proper or burner head is screwed firmly on to a thimble orsocketplece passing through the wick-pan and the mantle carrier, so thatthese elements form as it were, one single piece ready for attachment tothe mixing tube.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood and readilycarried into effect, reference will now be had to the accompanyingdiagrammatic drawings, in which Figure 1 shows mainly in verticalsection an example of the improved incandescent burner. Fig. 2 being aplan thereof. Figs. 3, at and 5 are detail views hereinafter referredto.

The vaporizer comprises a straight horizontal tube a of brass or steel,combined with a vertical tube 5 fixed to one extremity thereof andclosed at its bottom end.

The main or horizontal tube a. is secured (by screwing, by silver solderor otherwise) to a heater tube or filter chamber 0, which is connected,by a screw-joint at the end 0 with the supply pipe from the reservoircontaining the oil or liquid fuel. This oil or fuel is forced into thevaporizer under air-pressure in the manner usual in lamps or burners ofthis kind.

The heater or filter chamber 0 contains a wiregauze cartridge or fillingthrough which the oil passes on its way to the vaporizer. The saidchamber 0 extends through and is fixed or soldered to the burner shell,cover or inclosure (Z, or to a removable section thereof. Owing to thetemperature acquired by the gauze or filling the tube or chamber 0serves effectually both as a heater for the incoming oil or fuel, aswell as assisting in partly atomizing and vaporizing the latter beforeit enters the main vaporizer a.

The vertical tube 7) is as stated connected to the end of the tube a,and the two open into one another. The closed lower end of this verticaltube reaches down to the flame, and is situated just outside thewick-pan 6, although in some cases it may pass through the latter.

The horizontal vaporizer a'is placed im mediately under a rather thinheat-collecting baffle plate 0 of brass or other suitable metal. Saidbafiie is arranged in such a position that the hotter part of the spiritflame from the wick pan plays directly on the same and on the vaporizerwhen lighting up, thus producing very quick vaporization.

The upper end of the vertical tube or auxiliary vaporizer b, and theadjacent end of the main tube or vaporizer a, are fixed in 'a hollowjunction-piece or block 6 provided crest of the vaporizer, while itsinterior serves as a super-heated well, receptacle or retort, into whichany unvaponzed Oil or solid particles will drop and be mstantlyvaporized,

7 instead of passing direct to (and choking) the orifice through whichthe vapor escapes from the vaporizer. That is to say any particlescarried along the tube a, would strike the opposite wall of the block band fall into the auxiliary vaporizer Z), instead of being carried into,and choking, the nipple. This nipple is screwed into the hollowjunction-piece or connector Z) at the top of the vertical tube (5. Itdischarges the vapor upwardly through its orifice f (Fig. 5) into thebent-over or arch-shaped end 9* of the mixing tube 9 in which themixture of air and vapor is formed. The necessary quantity of air isdrawn in by the suction set up by the vapor jet as 1t issues underpressure from the orifice 7, on the known principle.

The said vapor nipple f in the example shown is funnel-shaped, or isconed downwardly, the orifice being at the bottom of the funnel, as seenmore clearly in section in Fig. 5. The internal space or recess aroundthe cone-shaped part is intended to receive any carbon or solidparticles which might otherwise be carried by the stream of vapor intothe orifice 7, as well as any particles that may be pushed down throughthe orifice in the ordinary pricking or clearing operation.

Either an internal or external pricker device may be provided forcleaning out the Y orifice 7 when necessary. It will be seen howeverthat the space between the top off and the -mouth 9 of the mixing tube,1s sufiicient to allow of the orifice f being very easily reached byhand with a needle or pricker from the outside.

The mixing tube 9 passes centrally down through the funnel (Z and thedeflector plate or' baflie c and is secured (by a screwjoint orotherwise) in a three-armed piece or spider (Z fixed in the funnel.

The baffle 0 serves to collect heat from theproducts of combustion. Itmaybe in securing a comparatively large area of con 7 tact and a rapidtransmission of heat from the bai'lie to the filter chamber.

The aforesaid mixing-tube gcarries at its lower end the wick-pan orspirit cup 6 and burner head 72,, the said pan or cup 0 receiving thespirit for heating the tubes a, b and c at starting. V

The burner proper or burner-head h is provided with a gauze orperforated plate h through which the vapor issues.

The wick-pan or heater 6 shown in section and plan in Figs. 3 and 4:respectively, is directly secured to the burner by a flanged thimbl'e orsocket g on the tube which passes through the aperture 6 in the bottomof the pan. socket g is screw-threaded below the wickpan, and theburner-head screws on to it, so that the mantle carrier 9 is clamped inposition (between the bottom of the wickpan and the top edge of theburner-head. The mixing tube fits into the screw-ring and the twoaresecured together by a sp1it-pin 9 or in any convenient way.

The burner acts in the ordinary way, the paraffin oil or other liquidfuel being forced under pressure (from a suitable reservoir) through 0and being partly broken up or atomized by the gauze in the filter-tubeor chamber 0, and partly converted into vapor by the heat of saidchamber at the same time. The vaporization is completed inthe tubes aand b and the vapor issues in a fine .jet from the nipple f withconsiderable force. The action of the jet draws air into the mouth orinlet 9" of the mixer tube 5/, the mixture 'flowing'down to theburnerhead 72, as indicated by the arrows.

The fiame issues from k and 72, and the products of combustion afterleaving the inverted mantle (not shown) carried by 9 rise up to andescape through the tunnel or cover (Z (Z (P. l

It will be seen that near the nipple f and inlet 9 the vertical part dof the funnel acts as a partition or separator and prevents any productsof combustion finding their way to the inlet 9 and so deteriorating themixture.

I claim:' 7 V 1. In a vapor burner, the combination of a straighthorizontal vaporizer tube, 'a straight filter tube in line therewith andleading directly into the same, a baffle plate secured near the joint ofsaid filter "and va porizer tubes, in metallic contact therewith,

' an arch-shaped mixing tube the longer limb of which passes downthrough said baffle plate, and an inverted burner on the lower The lowerendof this end of said mixing tube, substantially as described.

2. In a vapor burner for incandescent lighting, the combination of astraight horizontal vaporizer, a filter tube leading into the same, aninverted burner-head below the same, a straight vertical tube orauxiliary vaporizer reaching down to near the burner-head, an inclosingshell forming a funnel and serving to carry the aforesaid parts, and aheat-collecting baffle-plate 0n the main or horizontal vaporizer tubesecured to the said filter tube, substantially as described.

3. In a vapor burner, the combination of a vaporizer tube, a filter-tubeand heater leading into the same, a wick-pan for starting the action, adepending auxiliary heater extending below said wick-pan, a baffleplatesecured to said filter-tube which latter reaches nearly to a centralopening in the baffle-plate so as to be heated by the flame and hotgases, an inclosing shell forming afunnel and carrying the aforesaidparts, an

arch-shaped mixing tube extending down through the bafiie and carryingthe burner head, and means for forcing oil into the burner through theaforesaid filter-tube, substantially as described.

4:. In a vapor burner, the combination of a plain straight vaporizertube, a mixing tube arched over at its upper end, a funnel or casinghaving a contracted neck outside the top of Which lies the mouth of themixing tube, a burner proper or burner-head screwed on to the lower endof the mixing tube, a flanged thimble or collar arranged above theburner, a wick-pan and mantlecarrier held between said collar andburnerhead, and an auxiliary vaporizer extending downward from the mainvaporizer beyond the wick-pan, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDGAR LANGLEY RANDALL. Witnesses:

C. BARNARD BURDON, O. J. WVoRTH.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. 0.

